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  <ul>
    <li><a href="#实例python-30">实例(Python 3.0+)</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例python-30-1">实例(Python 3.0+)</a></li>
    <li><a href="#访问元组">访问元组</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例python-30-2">实例(Python 3.0+)</a></li>
    <li><a href="#修改元组">修改元组</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例python-30-3">实例(Python 3.0+)</a></li>
    <li><a href="#删除元组">删除元组</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例python-30-4">实例(Python 3.0+)</a></li>
    <li><a href="#元组运算符">元组运算符</a></li>
    <li><a href="#元组索引截取">元组索引，截取</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例">实例</a></li>
    <li><a href="#元组内置函数">元组内置函数</a>
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            <h1 class="post-title">Python3元组</h1>
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        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2021年9月15日
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            <h1 id="python3-元组">Python3 元组</h1>
<p>Python 的元组与列表类似，不同之处在于元组的元素不能修改。</p>
<p>元组使用小括号 <strong>( )</strong>，列表使用方括号 <strong>[ ]</strong>。</p>
<p>元组创建很简单，只需要在括号中添加元素，并使用逗号隔开即可。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/tup-2020-10-27-10-26-2.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/tup-2020-10-27-10-26-2.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<h2 id="实例python-30">实例(Python 3.0+)</h2>
<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tup1 = ('Google', 'luckly', 1997, 2000)
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 )
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup3 = &quot;a&quot;, &quot;b&quot;, &quot;c&quot;, &quot;d&quot;   #  不需要括号也可以
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(tup3)
&lt;class 'tuple'&gt;
</code></pre><p>创建空元组</p>
<pre><code>tup1 = ()
</code></pre><p>元组中只包含一个元素时，需要在元素后面添加逗号 <strong>,</strong> ，否则括号会被当作运算符使用：</p>
<h2 id="实例python-30-1">实例(Python 3.0+)</h2>
<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tup1 = (50)
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(tup1)     # 不加逗号，类型为整型
&lt;class 'int'&gt;

&gt;&gt;&gt; tup1 = (50,)
&gt;&gt;&gt; type(tup1)     # 加上逗号，类型为元组
&lt;class 'tuple'&gt;
</code></pre><p>元组与字符串类似，下标索引从 0 开始，可以进行截取，组合等。</p>
<p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/py-tup-10-26.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/py-tup-10-26.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<hr>
<h2 id="访问元组">访问元组</h2>
<p>元组可以使用下标索引来访问元组中的值，如下实例:</p>
<h2 id="实例python-30-2">实例(Python 3.0+)</h2>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python3
 
tup1 = ('Google', 'luckly', 1997, 2000)
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 )
 
print (&quot;tup1[0]: &quot;, tup1[0])
print (&quot;tup2[1:5]: &quot;, tup2[1:5])
</code></pre><p>以上实例输出结果：</p>
<pre><code>tup1[0]:  Google
tup2[1:5]:  (2, 3, 4, 5)
</code></pre><hr>
<h2 id="修改元组">修改元组</h2>
<p>元组中的元素值是不允许修改的，但我们可以对元组进行连接组合，如下实例:</p>
<h2 id="实例python-30-3">实例(Python 3.0+)</h2>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python3
 
tup1 = (12, 34.56)
tup2 = ('abc', 'xyz')
 
# 以下修改元组元素操作是非法的。
# tup1[0] = 100
 
# 创建一个新的元组
tup3 = tup1 + tup2
print (tup3)
</code></pre><p>以上实例输出结果：</p>
<pre><code>(12, 34.56, 'abc', 'xyz')
</code></pre><hr>
<h2 id="删除元组">删除元组</h2>
<p>元组中的元素值是不允许删除的，但我们可以使用del语句来删除整个元组，如下实例:</p>
<h2 id="实例python-30-4">实例(Python 3.0+)</h2>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python3
 
tup = ('Google', 'luckly', 1997, 2000)
 
print (tup)
del tup
print (&quot;删除后的元组 tup : &quot;)
print (tup)
</code></pre><p>以上实例元组被删除后，输出变量会有异常信息，输出如下所示：</p>
<pre><code>删除后的元组 tup : 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File &quot;test.py&quot;, line 8, in &lt;module&gt;
    print (tup)
NameError: name 'tup' is not defined
</code></pre><hr>
<h2 id="元组运算符">元组运算符</h2>
<p>与字符串一样，元组之间可以使用 + 号和 * 号进行运算。这就意味着他们可以组合和复制，运算后会生成一个新的元组。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Python 表达式</th>
<th style="text-align:left">结果</th>
<th style="text-align:left">描述</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">len((1, 2, 3))</td>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
<td style="text-align:left">计算元素个数</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">(1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">连接</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">(&lsquo;Hi!&rsquo;,) * 4</td>
<td style="text-align:left">(&lsquo;Hi!&rsquo;, &lsquo;Hi!&rsquo;, &lsquo;Hi!&rsquo;, &lsquo;Hi!')</td>
<td style="text-align:left">复制</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">3 in (1, 2, 3)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">True</td>
<td style="text-align:left">元素是否存在</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">for x in (1, 2, 3): print (x,)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">1 2 3</td>
<td style="text-align:left">迭代</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr>
<h2 id="元组索引截取">元组索引，截取</h2>
<p>因为元组也是一个序列，所以我们可以访问元组中的指定位置的元素，也可以截取索引中的一段元素，如下所示：</p>
<p>元组：</p>
<pre><code>tup = ('Google', 'luckly', 'Taobao', 'Wiki', 'Weibo','Weixin')
</code></pre><p>
        <a data-fancybox="gallery" href="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/py-tup-7.png">
            <img class="mx-auto" alt="img" src="https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/image/py-tup-7.png" />
        </a>
    </p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">Python 表达式</th>
<th style="text-align:left">结果</th>
<th style="text-align:left">描述</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">tup[1]</td>
<td style="text-align:left">&lsquo;luckly&rsquo;</td>
<td style="text-align:left">读取第二个元素</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">tup[-2]</td>
<td style="text-align:left">&lsquo;Weibo&rsquo;</td>
<td style="text-align:left">反向读取，读取倒数第二个元素</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">tup[1:]</td>
<td style="text-align:left">(&lsquo;luckly&rsquo;, &lsquo;Taobao&rsquo;, &lsquo;Wiki&rsquo;, &lsquo;Weibo&rsquo;, &lsquo;Weixin&rsquo;)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">截取元素，从第二个开始后的所有元素。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">tup[1:4]</td>
<td style="text-align:left">(&lsquo;luckly&rsquo;, &lsquo;Taobao&rsquo;, &lsquo;Wiki&rsquo;)</td>
<td style="text-align:left">截取元素，从第二个开始到第四个元素（索引为 3）。</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>运行实例如下：</p>
<h2 id="实例">实例</h2>
<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tup = ('Google', 'luckly', 'Taobao', 'Wiki', 'Weibo','Weixin')
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup[1]
'luckly'
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup[-2]
'Weibo'
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup[1:]
('luckly', 'Taobao', 'Wiki', 'Weibo', 'Weixin')
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup[1:4]
('luckly', 'Taobao', 'Wiki')
&gt;&gt;&gt;
</code></pre><hr>
<h2 id="元组内置函数">元组内置函数</h2>
<p>Python元组包含了以下内置函数</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align:left">序号</th>
<th style="text-align:left">方法及描述</th>
<th style="text-align:left">实例</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">1</td>
<td style="text-align:left">len(tuple) 计算元组元素个数。</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tuple1 = ('Google', 'luckly', 'Taobao') &gt;&gt;&gt; len(tuple1) 3 &gt;&gt;&gt; </code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">2</td>
<td style="text-align:left">max(tuple) 返回元组中元素最大值。</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tuple2 = ('5', '4', '8') &gt;&gt;&gt; max(tuple2) '8' &gt;&gt;&gt; </code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">3</td>
<td style="text-align:left">min(tuple) 返回元组中元素最小值。</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tuple2 = ('5', '4', '8') &gt;&gt;&gt; min(tuple2) '4' &gt;&gt;&gt; </code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">4</td>
<td style="text-align:left">tuple(iterable) 将可迭代系列转换为元组。</td>
<td style="text-align:left"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; list1= ['Google', 'Taobao', 'luckly', 'Baidu'] &gt;&gt;&gt; tuple1=tuple(list1) &gt;&gt;&gt; tuple1 ('Google', 'Taobao', 'luckly', 'Baidu')</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="关于元组是不可变的">关于元组是不可变的</h3>
<p>所谓元组的不可变指的是元组所指向的内存中的内容不可变。</p>
<pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tup = ('r', 'u', 'n', 'o', 'o', 'b')
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup[0] = 'g'     # 不支持修改元素
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1, in &lt;module&gt;
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
&gt;&gt;&gt; id(tup)     # 查看内存地址
4440687904
&gt;&gt;&gt; tup = (1,2,3)
&gt;&gt;&gt; id(tup)
4441088800    # 内存地址不一样了
</code></pre><p>从以上实例可以看出，重新赋值的元组 tup，绑定到新的对象了，不是修改了原来的对象。</p>

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    <h2>See Also</h2>
    <ul class="listing">
        
        <li><a href="/post/python_basic/python3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8/">Python3列表</a></li>
        
        <li><a href="/post/python_basic/python3%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E4%B8%B2/">Python3字符串</a></li>
        
        <li><a href="/post/python_basic/python3%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97/">Python3数字</a></li>
        
        <li><a href="/post/python_basic/python3%E8%BF%90%E7%AE%97%E7%AC%A6/">Python3运算符</a></li>
        
        <li><a href="/post/python_basic/python3%E6%B3%A8%E9%87%8A/">Python3注释</a></li>
        
    </ul>
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